When the horse is colicing

Colic in horses is one of the most common and acute health problems horse owners may encounter. It refers to abdominal pain, often resulting from issues in the horse’s gastrointestinal tract. Knowing what to do when a horse develops colic can be crucial for the horse's survival.

What is colic?

Colic is a symptom of abdominal pain that can be caused by several factors, including impaction (blockages), gas accumulation, twisted intestines, ulcers, or infections. It can be mild and temporary or severe and life-threatening, depending on the cause.

Symptoms of colic

Recognizing the signs of colic early is important for effective treatment. Symptoms of colic include:

• The horse repeatedly lying down
• Kicking or looking at its belly
• Excessive sweating
• Increased pulse and breathing rate
• Lack of feces
• Swollen abdomen
• Reduced or no interest in food and water

What to do in case of acute colic?

1. Call your veterinarian immediately
The first step at the signs of colic is to immediately call a qualified veterinarian. Describe the horse’s symptoms and behavior in detail. The veterinarian may provide specific advice on what to do while you wait for them to arrive.

2. Keep the horse calm
Try to keep the horse calm. Avoid letting the horse lie down and roll, which can worsen certain types of colic, such as twisted intestines. If the horse is agitated, try to walk it gently if it is safe and possible.

3. Remove feed but not water
If the horse has colic, remove all feed but leave water available as long as the horse is not severely distressed. Water can help soften any blockages in the intestines.

4. Prepare for the veterinarian’s arrival
Ensure there is a safe and well-lit area for the veterinarian to examine the horse.

5. Follow the veterinarian’s advice
When the veterinarian arrives, they will conduct a thorough examination, including listening to gut sounds with a stethoscope, checking heart rate, and possibly performing a rectal exam. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may include pain relievers, antispasmodics, fluid therapy, or, in some cases, surgery.

Aftercare

After the emergency care is administered, it is important to follow the veterinarian’s recommendations for aftercare. This may involve changes to the diet, medication, and potentially a follow-up visit. Ensure the horse has a calm environment to recover in and regularly monitor for signs of recurrence or complications.

Preventing colic

Although not all cases of colic can be prevented, the risk can be reduced through good stable management and care. Regular feeding and exercise routines, as well as access to clean water and forage, can help keep the horse’s digestive system healthy and lower the risk of colic.

By understanding the signs of colic and acting quickly at the first symptoms, you can help ensure the best possible outcome for your horse.